Sodium hydroxide, also known aslyeandcaustic soda,is aninorganic compoundwith the formula NaOH. It is a white solidionic compoundconsisting ofsodiumcationsNa+
andhydroxideanionsOH
.
Sodium hydroxide is a highlycausticbaseandalkalithat decomposesproteinsat ordinary ambienttemperaturesand may cause severechemical burns. It is highly soluble inwater, and readily absorbsmoistureandcarbon dioxidefrom theair. It forms a series ofhydratesNaOHnH
2O.The monohydrate NaOHH
2Ocrystallizes from water solutions between 12.3 and 61.8C. The commercially available "sodium hydroxide" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of theanhydrouscompound.
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